Dietary silymarin improves performance by altering hepatic lipid metabolism and cecal microbiota function and its metabolites in late laying hens

Table 1 Ingredient composition and nutrient level of the basal diets (dry basis)

Ingredients	Content, %	Nutrient levels²	Content, %
Corn	40.07	ME, MJ/kg	10.80
Soybean meal	20.30	Crude protein	16.84
rough rice	20.00	Crude fat	2.96
Limestone	9.00	Crude fiber	2.43
Wheat bran	2.20	Calcium	3.95
Corn gluten meal (CGM)	2.00	Total phosphorus	0.66
Rapeseed meal	2.00	Available Calcium	3.56
Dicalcium phosphate (CaHPO₄)	1.33	Available phosphorous	0.33
Soybean oil	0.60	Methionine	0.40
Premix¹	2.50	Lysine	0.79
Total	100.00

¹The premix provided the following (per kilogram of diet): vitamin A, 10,000 IU; vitamin D₃, 2,500 IU; vitamin E, 27.0 IU; vitamin K₃, 3.0 mg; vitamin B₁, 1.0 mg; vitamin B₂, 4 mg; nicotinic acid, 32 mg; pantothenic acid, 11 mg; vitamin B₆, 3.0 mg; folic acid, 0.5 mg; vitamin B₁₂, 25 mg; biotin, 50.0 mg; Fe, 60.0 mg; Zn, 60.0 mg; Mn, 100.0 mg; Cu, 5.0 mg; I, 0.5 mg and Se, 0.2 mg
²The nutrient levels were calculated values

ISSN: 2049-1891