Impact of partially defatted black soldier fly larvae meal on coccidia-infected chickens: effects on growth performance, intestinal health, and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations

Table 5 Concentrations of cytokines of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with 0, 6%, or 12% pBSFLM with or without Eimeria challenge, d 19 post hatching^a

Item	Concentration of pBSFLM, %			Challenge		SEM	P-value
	Concentration of pBSFLM, %			Challenge			pBSFLM^b		Challenge	pBSFLM × Challenge
	0	6	12	NCHA	CHA		L	Q	Challenge	L	Q
Carotenoids, μg/mL	2.8	3.1	2.9	4.0	1.9	0.29	0.815	0.324	< 0.001	0.489	0.126
AGP, μg/mL	134.0	152.8	175.4	147.1	161.1	28.55	0.434	0.769	0.357	0.792	0.852
IL-1β, ng/mL	1.2	1.7	1.7	2.6	0.5	0.63	0.419	0.551	< 0.001	0.843	0.835
IFN-γ, ng/mL	2.88	2.91	3.09	2.90	3.02	0.095	0.016	0.142	0.405	0.007	0.967
Number of observations	14	15	12	20	21

^aAbbreviations: pBSFLM partially defatted black soldier fly larva meal, NCHA non-challenge, CHA challenge, AGP alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, IFN interferon, IL interleukin
^bL, linear effect of pBSFLM or interaction between pBSFLM and challenge; Q, quadratic effect of pBSFLM or interaction between pBSFLM and challenge

ISSN: 2049-1891